Overall, European Americans have a friction in the middle of trying to homogenize with the American society and retention their ethnical house background, or a friction in the middle of individuality and group/community. Besides race and religion, another consuming therapy issue is class. Americans do not believe in class differences, and consider them a taboo topic. This might not be the case for all Americans. This the case for the majority based on my research. The Us was built on the thought of leisure and equality, although there have been instances of not much leisure and inequality. Class identity was stripped from the beloved culture, to avoid topics of friction and exploitation, given the harsh American history. Assets, income, group factors and living locations, all influence class.
Ethnic differences for European Americans, who are from a rural peasant background, remain, even after class advancement. unavoidable groups, such as Poles and Italians, unlike Jews, have reservation about consuming up in class. Study is a way to move up, but separate generations and separate groups have separate values. Although, for the most part, ethnicity depends on culture, sometimes, religion and class are linked and the link shape behaviors, beliefs and values. Therapists must explore how class, gender, ethnicity, race and religion influence Euro-Americans. A hypothetical example of this issue could be an Italian American, advent from a low/medium class, marrying a high class Jewish. The two citizen may not even be aware of their class and they may not even be aware that class differences shape separate behaviors, beliefs and values. The therapist would then elucidate cultural history and differences and make sure an insight and a compromise from both parties take place.
Sevenfold
Another therapy issue is the persistence of ethnicity, which shapes identity, as Freud and Erikson, both Jewish, discovered. All the following White ethnical characteristics may be latent and are often present, especially in educated middle-class families. Anglo Americans promote independence, exploration and emotional control. Each house member is quite independent. Jewish Americans encourage children to talk about house problems, which is therapeutic. It is leading to help sick citizen and marry within the Jewish community. Italian Americans value house more than anything and sharing a meal with the whole family. Men are dominant. Children are loved, spoiled and allowed to sleep with their parents.
Italian Americans believe in personal connections to move ahead and in life enjoyment. They express their own emotions, help others and keep conflicts in the family. For Irish Americans, the church power is important. Suffering is an private divine punishment. Complaining is unacceptable and group drinking is acceptable. Children are not praised so they do not become narcissists. Sex is a taboo topic of discussion. Women are supposed to listen. Emotional operate is important. Greek Americans, like the Italian-Americans, babies are spoiled. Sex is not discussed. Like the Italian-Americans again, males are dominant and women must know what to do and their place. Parents warn kids about the wild world and want them to be successful. Elders are considered wise and respected. A hypothetical therapy example could be an Irish man and a Greek man partnering up in business.
They could have religious conflicts due to their separate beliefs and ethnical backgrounds, and dissimilarity of opinions and style in training kids or younger employees for the job, again due to their house upbringing. The therapists must elucidate that there is no absolute right or wrong and could try a role-play so each party understands the other's perspective and point of view.
A third treatment issue is intermarriage. Until the 60s, marriages were within the same kind (Italian American with Italian American, etc.). In the late 60s, 5% of White ethnics intermarried. Today intermarriages among Whites are the norm (more than 50%). 50% of Asian Americans marry Whites. 33% of Hispanics wed out. White-Black marriages grew sevenfold over the last 40 years. Although in ideas there is a opening to lose private ethnicity in intermarriages, in reality ethnicity remains. Ethnicity is what man may be attracted to in a partner. The greater the cultural differences are, the more difficult the marriage adjustment is.
An Anglo man could find the expressiveness of an Italian lady as crazy and the Italian lady may find his emotional length as cold or catatonic. In similar situations, therapists must become intercultural translators, negotiators and mediators and promote the value of differences. Even having each spouse or merge member read chapters of a book or articles about each other's ethnicity and discuss them is very helpful. To conclude, cultural issues are often the problem. Sometimes, though, they are only a rational way to displace anger from other difficult problems.
More Jews (Friedlander, et al, 2010) than other ethnic groups use psychotherapy. Most Jews are very opinionated. There are Jews and Jews. Some consider themselves as Jews for their ethnicity and some feel Jew for their religion. Now, more than ever, Jews are less discriminated against and freer to abandon their faith and ethnicity. Jews are perceived as rich and noteworthy but they are not a homogenous group. Jews are committed to therapy although they may demand it.
Therapists must remember that they need to sustain clients in resolving their issues to meet their needs and obligations, even if they are separate than the therapists' ones. Sometimes clients are ready for a life style change, but sometimes they are not. When working with Orthodox families, therapists must bridge the Orthodox society with the surrounding secular world, helping them with networking and collaboration.
Russian Jewish families have a background of resilience and success drive, but also a background of loss and trauma. Back in the old Soviet Union, before it collapsed, the house was the most leading nucleus. Immigration caused added destruction of the house nucleus, causing a big distress. Therapists must respect house boundaries and loss, gender and sexual orientation, with this population.
Israel has a particular and leading history and a particular religious history. Manifold ethnicities, together with Russians and Ethiopians, united by Judaism, are gift in Israel. Some Jews are ultra-orthodox and they are against modernization and hardly open to psychotherapy. Financial success is leading to Israelis and it may come before relationships. In general, the world perception of Israeli emigrants is still negative. Israelis adapt to the Us very well and they speak English well. They miss Israel (this is a frequent issue brought up in therapy, towards which they are open) and they regularly say they are in the Us temporarily, even if they are here permanently. They marry Jewish partners as they do not tolerate interfaith marriages, as it is seen as a threat to the Jewish community. Lastly, they do not fully accept homosexuality, due to their religious beliefs.
Slavic Americans are willing to adapt which helps their ethnical medical problems. Polish Americans are proud to have overcome historical obstacles and long-suffering. They are ceremonial, defensive, loyal, hard-working and religious. They long for group belonging and class status. There sometimes are ashamed and afraid of their heritage. Most Poles are catholic. Many of them have an inner need to unblemished tasks not just for themselves but for the community. To accept and reinvent oneself, one has to learn about his or her ethnic roots. Even Polish immigrants can learn to be thriving and still be true to their heritage. Poland is part of modern Europe and is still redefining itself.
Czechs and Slovaks have been straight through long periods of wars and political upheavals, until very recently, a few years ago. Many of them are still recovering from them. Most of their immigration started after World War I. Slovakians are not ready for the Us individualism as in Slovakia, all things is house related. Their marriages are regularly solid and they regularly go to therapy for child focused issues or issues with parents.
Anglo Americans tend to be individualistic. Therapists have success with them when they address costs and benefits of emotionally self-contained individualism. thriving house therapy increases their skills to interact, to effectively use emotions, and to embrace an adventurous attitude in life.
Dutch citizen have a long history of struggle with elements covering their community, which were considered exploitive, threatening and controlling. Most of them are self-initiators, self-resilient and religious. They tend to be cautious about outsiders and react negatively to those who are not responsible and are not deeply religiously convicted, as they are. In therapy, Dutch Americans will persevere until they internally know it is "right".
With Franco Americans, cognitive behavioral therapy with set goals is best. Their families seek therapy for practical behavioral solutions. They tend to have a sense of duty and a desire to have a supportive house environment. Coping strategies, cooperative problem solving and emotional reeducation are all helpful tools in therapy with them. Psychic restructuring and tangible behavioral insight and convert are therapeutic part of success, especially among youngsters and educated people. Usually, for now, French Canadians in the Us reject an early focus on ethnicity in therapy. French Canadians tend to either assimilate with the American society or keep their ancestral and ethical roots. In general, French Canadians are dedicated to self-preservation and success, despite the odds.
Germans have largely contributed to the foundations of the Us, but many Americans do not know it. The German American ethnic context is historically and socially complex. Many German Jews migrated before and while the Second World War. Some Jews still discriminate a dinky bit towards new German Immigrants. Obviously, in therapy, issues of loss, house history, cultural history, and possible discrimination must be addresses.
In the case of Hungarian families, ethnicity could be a big part of therapeutic issues. Hungarians are patriotic and proud. Some of them are Jews who escaped.
Irish tend not to enjoy therapy, tend not to believe in catharsis, and tend not to have and like heart to heart discussions. In therapy, they convert moderately and dinky by little. It is leading that therapists do not push or pressure them to do work that they are not ready to initiate. Even if they do not say much, they may like to continue therapeutic work on their own at home, due to their deep personal responsibility.
Most Italian Americans value house obligations and relationship and defined roles. house relationship can be consuming when the house prevents the private from achieving what he or she wants to do. I am exactly an example of this challenge, and ultimately, that is why I migrated to the Us 13 and a half years ago and I am now officially an Italian-American, after being sworn in, this year. This challenge has the possible to be resolved in therapy. linked issues could be sexism, racism and classism. Therapists can help Italian American families to open the house system, and, at the same time, sustain the positivity of close connections.
Most Portuguese families seek therapeutic help after a court order or a referral by their society employee or condition care provider. They are not used to seek psychological help covering the family. Therapists have to deal with hierarchy, stigma and time. Clients may be not committed and may just be obeying to authorities. Therapist must work within the house to build trust first and then, later, new ideas. In Portuguese culture, there is no quality time with kids but only basic material needs, good manners, respect for authority, help the house and training kids. In the house there are gender specific roles. Their core values are: honor, respect, trust and generosity. It is best for therapist to work closely with the referral source to help clients get over the "embarrassment" of seeking help. Families may realize the referral source as an honor violator. The introductory therapy with Portuguese American families is thriving with open-ended statements, storytelling, externalizing issues, active coaching, mirroring, negotiating, and/or echoing behaviors.
When working with Scandinavians, it is leading to supply tools for increase and amelioration in house interactions and dynamics. Scandinavians have many amazing traits and values. They have dealt with weather darkness or dinky sunlight and geographical isolation. Most of them are Lutherans and institution indifference to emotions, which can succeed in psychosomatics.
Scots became Scott-Irish in history. Many of them migrated to the States in the 18th century. They have persistent folkways colse to family, gender, sex, child-rearing or will building, death, and religion.
Many Greek families immigrated to the States at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th one, or before World War I. The migration was due to their failed economy. Most of them are Orthodox. Obviously Greeks have a patrimony of so much culture and history, due to their old Greek Empire. house is very leading to Greeks. Their culture is patriarchal and male individualistic, so there are defined gender roles. merge relationships are somewhat formal and male extra marital affairs are somewhat suitable and overcome. As a male dominant culture, they tend not to be very open to homosexuality, but they are open to intermarriages. Greeks tend not to like Turks because many centuries ago, Turks destroyed their Empire. Again, even in this culture psychosomatics is possible and it is something leading for therapists to be aware of.
In conclusion, the White or Caucasian race is very diversifies, as other races also are. It is crucial for therapists to educate themselves with general ethnical patters. Lastly, therapists are also ethnical educators for their clients.
References
Friedlander, M., Friedman, M., Miller, M., Ellis, M., Friedlander, L., & Mikhaylov, V. (2010). Introducing a brief part of cultural and religious identification in American Jewish identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57(3), 345- 360. Doi:10.1037/a0019577.
Multicultural Issues in Psychology: Families of European Origin, Jewish Families and Slavic Families
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